Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user or system by validating the credentials, such as username and password, provided during login. This is typically done to ensure that only authorized individuals or systems have access to the resources they are authorized to use. Authorization, on the other hand, is the process of determining what level of access a user or system should have to a specific resource, based on their authenticated identity. This involves setting up rules and policies that specify which resources a user can access and what actions they can perform on those resources. In summary, authentication is the process of verifying who you are, while authorization is the process of determining what you are allowed to do. Both are important components of ensuring the security of systems and data.