-low career growth prospects
-managers are asked to provide regular feedback but don't
-managers often don't have the soft skills to perform their roles effectively (poor or no leadership/communication/etc)
-alarmingly, sometimes managers don't have the technical skills to do their job (ie: very poor excel skills yet a manager in finance)
-weak HR performance as shown by their inability to hire qualified managers and enforce regular feedback initiatives
-company's cash flow and profits are largely out of its control, as they are highly subject to market conditions
-significantly under-developed IT department
-neutral culture, almost non-existent but not necessarily negative